Introduction

1. Setting the scene

2. The emerging framework for sovereign debt discourse

Part I. Regulation Through Contract and Litigation

3. Sovereign immunities and other statutory mechanisms regulating holdout litigation

4. Collective action clauses (CACs): Contractual regulation of holdout litigation

5. The Pari Passu Clause: Regulating holdouts through injunctive relief

Part II. Regulation Through Treaty and Arbitration

6. Jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals over sovereign debt disputes

7. Admissibility of sovereign bond claims: Mass claims arbitration as a supplemental leverage over holdouts

8. Checks and balances at the stage of merits

Conclusion