抄録

　中国はアルミ形材の生産が世界トップであるが，中国のなかでこの産業が最も集中しているのが広東省佛山市南海区大瀝鎮である．この町のアルミ加工業の源流は，中華民国期に勃興した非鉄金属リサイクル業にある．計画経済の時代にも「社隊企業」の名義を借りてアルミ加工業が発展し，1990 年代に至ってアルミ製窓枠などへの需要拡大の波に乗って大きく成長した．産業集積の発展の過程では，価格決定の混乱や過剰包装などで買い手からの信用を失う危機に直面したこともあったが，鎮政府と業界団体の介入によって問題を克服してきた．近年は鎮における土地の狭隘化，賃金上昇，環境規制の強化により，工場を広東省内の他の地域に移転する企業が増えている．しかし，こうした制約は産業のレベルアップを促す可能性がある．

abstract

China produces the largest amount of aluminum extrusions in the world. Among many industrial clusters that specialize in aluminum extrusions, Dali Town of Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong Province is the largest. The aluminum processing industry of this town dates back to the Republican Era, when some local craftsmen engaged in recycling non-ferrous metals from wastes. Even during the Planned Economy, aluminum processing enterprises emerged under the disguise of “brigade and commune enterprises”.Since 1990s, local aluminum extrusion manufacturers flourished, because of the rise of domestic demand for aluminum-made building materials. During the course of development, Dali’s industrial cluster has experienced several crises, such as deterioration of reputation caused by opportunistic pricing and excessive packaging. The township government and industrial associations have made collective efforts to overcome such crises. In recent years, the industrial cluster faces the problem of scarcity of land, rise of wages, and stricter environmental restrictions. But such restrictions may induce the upgrading of the local industry.